The Library
1780 works catalogued century by century, from the literature the Bible was written among to the present — each with a note on what it is, why it lasted, and where to read it.
1001–1100
57 works
c. 1080–1088
Old Church Slavonic
Nestor the Chronicler · c. 1056–c. 1114
The founder of the Kyiv Caves monastery, who ran away from a wealthy mother to become a monk and insisted on doing the heaviest work himself.
1073–1085
Latin
Pope Gregory VII · c. 1015–1085
The letters of the most combative pope of the Middle Ages, including the two depositions of Henry IV and a long defence of the right to depose kings.
c. 1082
Latin
Bruno of Merseburg · 11th century
A partisan account of the Saxon revolt against Henry IV, quoting letters and speeches and treating the rebellion as a just resistance to tyranny.
c. 1073–1082
Latin
Marianus Scotus · 1028–1082
A world chronicle by an Irish monk enclosed as a recluse in Germany, arguing that the received date of the incarnation was twenty-two years out.
c. 1080–1085
Latin
De Veritate
Anselm of Canterbury · 1033–1109
A search for what truth is in statements, in thought, in the will, and in things themselves, arriving at truth as rightness perceived by the mind.
c. 1081–1083
Latin
Anselm of Lucca · 1036–1086
A canon law collection assembled to support the reform papacy, with a book on the lawful use of force against schismatics that had no real precedent.
founded 1084; customs written c. 1121
Latin
Bruno of Cologne and the early Carthusians · c. 1030–1101
The arrangements of a house where each monk lives in a separate cell with a garden, meets the others chiefly in choir, and copies manuscripts as his work.
c. 1085
Latin
Liber ad Gebehardum
Manegold of Lautenbach · c. 1030–c. 1103
A defence of the pope against Henry IV, arguing that a king holds office under something like a contract with his people, and forfeits it if he becomes a tyrant.
c. 1080–1090
Greek
Nikon of the Black Mountain · c. 1025–c. 1100
A compilation on monastic discipline and canon law for houses in Syria, addressing what to do when different monasteries follow incompatible rules.
c. 1085–1090
Latin
Anselm of Canterbury · 1033–1109
How a creature made good and made free could choose evil, when evil is nothing and God gave no evil will to choose with.
c. 1085–1100
Greek
Theophylact of Ohrid · c. 1050–after 1107
Clear, compressed commentaries on the gospels and epistles distilling Chrysostom and the earlier fathers into something a parish priest could actually use.
c. 1092–1094
Latin
Anselm of Canterbury · 1033–1109
A refutation of Roscelin's claim that if the three persons are one thing then all three became incarnate, turning on what it means for a universal to be real.
c. 1093–1096
Latin
Ivo of Chartres · c. 1040–1115
Canon law collections with a prologue on what to do when authoritative texts contradict each other — distinguish strict law from dispensation, and read each canon in its circumstances.
27 November 1095; recorded later
Latin
Pope Urban II · c. 1035–1099
The appeal that launched the First Crusade, surviving only in five differing accounts written after the expedition succeeded, each shaped by knowing how it turned out.
1094–1098
Latin
Cur Deus Homo
Anselm of Canterbury · 1033–1109
A dialogue asking why the incarnation was necessary, answered in terms of honour and satisfaction: only a human being owes the debt, only God can pay it, so only a God-man can settle it.
c. 1090–1115
Old French
La Chanson de Roland
Anonymous
Charlemagne's rearguard is destroyed at Roncevaux through treachery; Roland refuses to sound his horn until too late, and dies offering his glove to God.
c. 1099–1100
Latin
Anselm of Canterbury · 1033–1109
A sequel to Cur Deus Homo asking how Christ could be sinless if he took his humanity from a descendant of Adam, and defining original sin as an absence of owed righteousness.
41–57 of 57 matching · 1780 in the Library