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The Reformation · 1597
Metaphysical Disputations
Disputationes Metaphysicae
Francisco Suárez · 1548–1617
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What it is
The first metaphysics in the West organised by topic rather than as a commentary on Aristotle, covering being, essence, causation, and individuation.
Why it lasted
The standard metaphysics textbook in both Catholic and Protestant universities for a century, and read closely by Descartes, Leibniz, and Schopenhauer.
Where to read it
Public domain and free to read in full, though not held here. The archives below have it.
These open a search on each archive rather than a direct link, which is the honest way to point at an edition nobody here has checked line by line.
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